[Many questions for you to answer and some answers from me]
Climate change leads to variety of problems not just droughts, extreme cold, hailstorms but also flash flooding and out-of-season rain causing over flooding. These are natural phenomenon’s which used to occur even long before when climate change was not triggered by certain requirements which never forecasted such an effect.
All that to say man lived always with nature, so has to be understood by modern generations. One must adept to live with nature. Space must be kept aside for nature, just as space is kept for birds and pets in a city. In the same way, one must understand that the till time equilibrium is reached on by Climate initiatives and even after, rains, water, snow will always be there. So why not give it some space? Why not good drainage systems, which are ready for excess water?
Why not rain water draining system, be robust enough to handle extra rain waters? Why not canals and tributaries be made to direct excess water, distant places would love to get this water especially deserts. These can be supplied with treated water from sea in normal times and to be used to dissipate extra rain water when in times of need.
Why not points to fill in water in underground depleting water tables? These are works of town planners, how these can be included in already build up cities and how to make sure such systems are planned in new cities being build.
For already build up places. Points to fill in water tables can be a good option to be studied and experimented. This won’t require much disruption in plan on with a city is build. All it may need is some pipes going down to water table at right intervals. Not even a full dug well.
All this to say, one should be well prepared given lot of climatic changes happening at all places, these are questions and some answers, which can and should be well worked by town planners with environmentalist and geologists. I am asking these questions as a spectator, so are many folks out there !