Philosophical Ethics and Its Application to AI-Article Review

This article is a brief discussion about this “Concepts of Ethics and Their Application to AI”  the chapter-3 of book by Stahl, B. C. [1]

The author Stahl [1] have presented in this chapter of his book “Artificial Intelligence for a Better Future: An Ecosystem Perspective on the Ethics of AI and Emerging Digital Technologies” various issues pertaining to ethics.

The key points which I considered were important in this book chapter are as follows:

1. Ethics is an old discussion based subject, which had several diversions in depth of understandings. AI ethics on other hand is growing subject still in nascent stages
2. AI Ethics has to do with right or wrong- But no one definition fits it all
3. It needs to be unified, but as per research and documentation by author [1], biomedical ethics which are one of the  foundation stone for AI. And biomedical ethics have not fully succeeded in its missions. One reason being global acceptance.
4. Background of ethical history of philosophy have been laid in this chapter. Summarized as:
   1. Consequentialism Ethics: It deals and views things from point of view of consequences.
   2. Deontology Ethics: Agent is responsible for maintaining ethics.
   3. Virtue Ethics. Virtue is an important ingredient to lives of mankind.
5. One of the main topic author [1] have covered in depth in chapter is — AI for flourishing means AI used for the purpose of human growth, prosperity.
6. Why all the background of photophysical details in Ethics for AI. As author wants to lay emphasis  on the use of already written and researched area of philosophy.
7. Profits: AI has potential to increase business earning in next decade [1].
8. Social control. If not handled well, AI can lead to social control, meaning wherein humans are controlled and monitored by machines. A task which is not ethical from any point of studies in ethics.
9. Responsible Artificial Intelligence, where in humans developing and using AI considers the ethics of AI before taking any major or minor acts.
10. Term nudging is defined in chapter—by which AI can influence humans with a slight insight in their lives.
11. The chapter concludes with Responsible Research And Innovation (RRI). The meaning is evident form the phrase RRI, wherein private entities and governments monitor the research activities and components of ethics in it. No research with harms mankind should be fostered.

References

[1] Stahl, B. C. (2021). “Concepts of Ethics and Their Application to AI” Artificial Intelligence for a Better Future: An Ecosystem Perspective on the Ethics of AI and Emerging Digital Technologies (p. 124). Springer Nature.